This
theory was developed by Katharine Cook Briggs since World War II and lasted
long enough for up to 50 years which was then continued by her daughter named
Isabell Briggs Myers. MBTI is an instrument to illustrate the fundamental
differences in healthy and normal human behavior. This instrument is taken from
Carl Gustav Jung's theory of Psychological Types which based on Jung's typology
theory, namely the function of the soul: sensation (S), intuition (N), feeling
(F) and thinking (T), as well as soul attitudes: introverts (I) and extroverts
(E). Jung's concept by Myers-Briggs was later made a psychotes as we know it
today, the MBTI (Myers-Briggs Type Indicator).
8
myers-briggs instrumen:
1) Introverts (I) and Extroverts (E)
Introvert is more inward oriented (more trusting in
oneself than trusting the world) and Extroverts are more outward oriented
(trusting others, or more broadly, "the world", more than they
believe themselves).
2) Intuition (N) and Sensing (S)
According to Jung, sensing and intuition are functions of
perception, responsible for receiving or retrieving information. Watching
television, smelling flowers, reading novels, and remembering something from
memory are examples of perceptual activity. Unlike the assessment function,
which often involves a sense of will and intent, the function of perception
usually feels more passive, because most of our perceptions are handled
automatically and unconsciously.
3) Thinking (T) and Feeling (F)
Jung classifies thoughts and feelings as a function of
judging. They are tasked with evaluating information, making decisions, and
drawing conclusions. The main difference between thinking judgments and feeling
judgments is the nature of their evaluative criteria. As we will see, thinkers
tend to use logic-based impersonal criteria, while taste considers tastes and
feelings — both their own and others — in making decisions.
4) Judging (J) and Perceiving (P)
Type J is outwardly firm, direct, and stubborn. They are
more likely to express their views and desires directly through declarative
statements. Type P, by contrast, is outwardly open, receptive, and adaptable.
They are less inclined to express their opinions or impose their will on
others. They tend to express things openly rather than declarative styles.
8
cognitive functions:
1) Introverted Intuition (Ni) collects
conscious and subconscious information, and theories. It sees deep causes,
patterns, and laws underlying sense data. It is characteristically penetrating
and insightful.
2) Extraverted Intuition (Ne) surveys
and creatively recombines a breadth of ideas, associations, patterns, and
possibilities. It is characteristically innovative, divergent, open-ended, and
non-discriminating. Outwardly, Ne users may present as scattered, random,
quirky, witty, and ideationally curious.
3) Introverted Sensing (Si) retains,
consolidates, and recollects historical and autobiographical information. It
attends to and draws on a concentrated body of past experiences, routines, and
traditions (i.e., the “tried and true”). It forgoes the constant pursuit of new
or broad experiences, finding safety and security in stability and consistency.
It also surveys inner bodily sensations.
4) Extraverted Sensing (Se) seeks extensive
outer stimulation in the “here and now”—new sights, sounds, tastes,
experiences, etc. It is open-ended and nondiscriminating with respect to new
experiences. It can also be associated with image-consciousness and observation
skills, displaying a keen eye for detail. Outwardly, it may manifest as a
recurrent desire for activities beyond talking (“Let’s do something!”).
5) Introverted Thinking (Ti) utilizes
deep and nuanced logic to examine techniques, problems, concepts, or theories.
It seeks self-regulation and self-optimization through the development of
personal skills, methods, and strategies. It takes a skeptical and reductive
approach toward knowledge.
6) Extraverted Thinking (Te) uses
explicit logic, including standardized methods, measurements, policies, and
procedures, to make systems and operations more rational, efficient, or
effective. This often involves working as part of an institution, be it
corporate, scientific, academic, etc. Outwardly, Te delivers opinions and
directives in a firm, direct, measured, and unemotional fashion. It may at
times be perceived as harsh, tactless, or unsympathetic.
7) Introverted Feeling (Fi) explores and
refines personal tastes and feelings, contributing to a strong sense of
personal uniqueness. It is self-regulating and self-controlling, working to
maintain inner emotional and moral order. It may also emotionally invest in a
limited number of love objects, be they persons, animals, hobbies, or causes.
8) Extraverted Feeling (Fe) surveys a
breadth of human emotions, values, and morals. It strives toward interpersonal
rapport, consensus, and continuity. It can also be associated with effective
communication and social intelligence, facilitating growth and transformation
in others. Outwardly, it delivers opinions and directives in a direct yet
tactful way, often with a sense of emotional urgency and conviction.
The Judging Functions:
Introverted Thinking (Ti)
Extraverted Thinking (Te)
Introverted Feeling (Fi)
Extraverted Feeling (Fe)
The Perceiving Functions:
Introverted Sensing (Si)
Extraverted Sensing (Se)
Introverted Intuition (Ni)
Extraverted Intuition (Ne)
MBTI is not only known as a place to know our talents
and interests but also to know how we think in doing things. What is the way of
thinking and feeling of an INTJ? What is the way of thinking and feeling
of an ENFP? How do they solve a problem? How do they make decisions? By
understanding this we will be easier to understand others in life.
Read more in my first
book (We Are Complex) which will be published in a few months ๐
Source:
Drenth, Dr. A.J. (2017). My True Type: Clarifying
Your Personality Type, Preferences & Functions. Inquire Books.
Hambali,
Adang. Ujam Jaenudin. (2013). Psikologi Kepribadian (Lanjutan) Studi
atas Teori dan Tokoh Psikologi Kepribadian. Bandung: Pustaka Setia.
Setiawati,
Farida Agus. Agus Triyanto. Nanang Erma Gunawan. (2015). Implementasi
MBTI untuk Pengembangan Karir Mahasiswa: Studi Perbedaan Tipe Kepribadian pada
Mahasiswa Bimbingan Konseling, 8(2), 41-42.
Witt,
Joel Mark. Antonia Dodge. (2018). Personality Hacker: Harness the Power
of Your Personality Type to Transform Your Work, Relationships, and Life.
Berkeley: Ulysses Press.
Submit the MBTI test results that you got from the Sakinorva site on this link to get a more complete analysis explanation from us (you can find out cognitive functions that are not developing, causes of stress and solutions for all that): MBTI (Cognitive Function) - Analyst
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